津巴布韦币汇率(全球之最！津巴布韦提升利率至200%)
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<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0px !important;">（观察者网 讯）据彭博社27日报道，津巴布韦储备银行（央行）当天宣布将本国基准利率提升至创纪录的200%，同时将存款利率提升至40%。报道称，该国央行计划重新引入美元作为法定货币，以挽救飙升的通货膨胀及稳定暴跌的汇率。</p><img src="https://p9.toutiaoimg.com/origin/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TA2BWayNseUGS?from=pc" img_width="754" img_height="170" alt="全球之最！津巴布韦提升利率至200%" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto 8px; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: 4px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: auto;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">彭博社报道截图（下同）</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">津巴布韦央行行长约翰·曼古迪亚（John Mangudya）27日称，货币政策委员会将会把该国关键利率（Key Rate）从原来的80%提升至200%。报道称，这意味着津巴布韦央行今年以来已累计提升利率14000个基点，属全球之最。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">这里的关键利率指的是津巴布韦的基准利率，也就是银行借贷利率。货币政策委员会同日还宣布，该国的存款利率将由原来的12.5%提升到40%。</p><img src="https://p9.toutiaoimg.com/origin/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TA2BWbn7LqXAp5?from=pc" img_width="636" img_height="360" alt="全球之最！津巴布韦提升利率至200%" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto 8px; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: 4px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: auto;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">黑线为关键利率，即津巴布韦的借贷利率；黄线为通货膨胀率</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“货币政策委员会对近期的通胀飙升表示强烈关注。”曼古迪亚说，“委员会指出，通胀上升正在削弱消费者的需求和信心，如果不加以控制，它将扭转过去两年取得的显著经济成果。”</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">报道称，津巴布韦的年通货膨胀率在6月份跃升至192%，最近一年多食品成本上涨了两倍多。价格上涨的原因主要是津巴布韦元大幅贬值。今年以来，津巴布韦元兑美元已经贬值逾三分之二，是非洲表现最差的货币。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">不过，高利率能否成功抑制津巴布韦的高通胀仍然存疑。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">牛津经济研究院经济学家吉·范德林德（Jee-A van der Linde）对彭博社称：“更高的利率不太可能抑制津巴布韦的高通胀率，目前（津巴布韦）的经济形势正在创造一个非常具有挑战性的商业环境，预计短期内（该国的）生活条件会恶化。”</p><img src="https://p9.toutiaoimg.com/origin/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TA2BWcJ8FDH5NM?from=pc" img_width="640" img_height="427" alt="全球之最！津巴布韦提升利率至200%" inline="0" class="syl-page-img" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; margin: 0px auto 8px; padding: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; max-width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: 4px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: auto;"/><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">当地时间2022年5月4日，津巴布韦哈拉雷，数百名通勤者在街头想方设法找车回家。受经济形势影响，当地交通危机一直持续。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">值得注意的是，津巴布韦还准备自2009年之后第二次将美元纳为国家法定货币使用。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">报道称，津巴布韦财政部长姆特里·恩库贝（Mthuli Ncube）27日对媒体表示，“政府已经明确表示打算维持以美元和津巴布韦元的使用为基础的多货币体系，为了消除这个问题可能引发的投机和套利行为，政府决定将多币种制度和美元的继续使用纳入法律，为期五年。”</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">津巴布韦自2000年以来实施“快速土改计划”，随后受到了西方国家制裁，经济大幅缩水，通货膨胀激增。至2009年初，津巴布韦的经济基本崩溃，宣布暂停使用津巴布韦元，并以美元、人民币等9种法定货币代替。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">2019年6月，津巴布韦宣布废除多货币体系，以新的津巴布韦元（RTGS Dollar）代替。此后至2020年3月，该货币为国家唯一法定货币。之后，津巴布韦再度使用外国货币。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">报道称，津巴布韦央行此外还宣布将发行金币并将其作为价值储存手段引入市场。这些金币将由国有的造币企业铸造，由银行渠道提供给公众，但央行未提供过多细节。</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 20px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0px !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">本文系观察者网独家稿件，未经授权，不得转载。</span></p>
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